GNSS applied to micro geodesy (#1556)

Authors

Pallejá, Ezequiel

Leni, Roberto

Cafferata, Nicolás

Abstract

A research project of the University of Moron called “MIC GNSS” was developed. The main objective of this project is to verify the capability and accuracy of the GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) in detecting and measuring small positional changes of fixed and movable references. To achieve this, a method for optimizing the measurement of changes in the position of references in structures is proposed. This approach has a wide range of applications, such as monitoring bridges, reservoir dams, large buildings, natural terrain subsidence, and earthquake effects. Real-time detection and measurement of displacements and deformations in natural and artificial structures are crucial for safety, economy, and environmental preservation, as well as for improving construction and maintenance technologies. Although traditional microgeodesy methods have been historically used to measure these types of magnitudes, the proposed use of GNSS technology is expected to have significant advantages over traditional methods, though it cannot fully replace them. However, there are some limitations to the use of GNSS technology. For example, it cannot be used indoors, and it's challenging to use it in environments surrounded by obstacles that may affect satellite signals. To overcome these challenges, we designed and constructed a device that allows GNSS antennas to adopt different positions both horizontally (N-S and E-W directions) and vertically. These variations can be either discrete or continuous, enabling the study of the sensitivity of the GNSS to abrupt or gradual movements that can be simulated in this way. Additionally, we propose and test a scheme of auxiliary GNSS stations to optimize the accuracy of the results. This project provides a way to verify the aptitude and real precision and accuracy of the GNSS system in detecting and measuring small positional changes of fixed and movable references. Keywords-- GPS, GNSS, microgeodesy, monitoring, deformations, subsidence, testing, accuracy